Slow fire, accelerated fire, quick fire
Slow fire Example: Krupp 87mm field gun M. 1886 and De Bange 80mm field gun M. 1885, adopted respectively by Bulgars and Serbs at the end of 19th century.
At first they fired black powder, but were later adapted to smokeless powder. 1.
The gun was
rigidly attached to the carriage, both recoiling together; the recoil was not
controlled. 2.
The sights were
attached to the gun; telescopic or other delicate sights had to be removed
before firing. 3.
The gun crew
had to stand aside to avoid recoil; the gun fired by long lanyard. Gun
shields were not provided, since they were of little use. 4.
The gun had to
be run back by hand to firing position, and relaid after each shot. 5.
The ammunition was
in two parts, loaded separately; the fuze was
punched by hand. 6.
There was no
provision for indirect fire. Accelerated fire Example: Putilov 76.2mm
field gun M. 1900 and Arisaka 75mm field gun Meiji 31 (M. 1898), used respectively by Russians and Japaneses
during the war in Manchuria (1904-05). 1.
The gun was
rigidly attached to the carriage, both recoiling together, but the recoil was
controlled by wheel shoes and springs in trail. 2.
The sights were
attached to gun, and were removed before firing. 3.
The gun fired
by lanyard; the crew must move to avoid recoil, but only slightly. Gun
shields were not provided, but they were found useful, and in many cases they
were improvised in the field. 4.
The gun was run
approximately into position by trail springs, but had to be relaid for each shot. 5.
The ammunition
was in two parts; the fuze was set mechanically. 6.
The gun was
fitted with a mechanism provided for indirect fire. Quick fire Example: Schneider 75mm field gun M. 1904 and Krupp
75mm field gun M. 1903, adopted respectively by Bulgarians and Turks at the
beginning of 20th century. 1.
The gun was
mounted in the cradle, on which it recoiled, the
carriage was fixed after the first shot. 2.
The sights were
attached to the carriage, and remained in seat during firing, constantly
directed upon the aiming point. 3.
The gun crew
remained at posts during fire, protected by shields attached to the gun
carriage and to the caisson. 4.
The gun did not
have to be run back by hand, but returned automatically to firing position;
the relaying was not necessary. 5.
The ammunition
was fixed; the fuze was set mechanically. 6.
The mechanism was so arranged that indirect fire was
as accurate and easy as direct. |